For those pondering a contribution to your stock portfolio, we are closing in on one of the seasonally strongest investing weeks of the year — as if the holiday season weren’t festive enough!
Seasonal investing trends should never trump fundamental analysis for the long-term investor. However, it might not hurt to at least be aware of what parts of the year tend to be weak or strong for the stock market, especially if one is thinking about buying or selling stocks in the near term.
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Here’s how often this aptly named year-end investing trend proves out and how much investors can expect to gain from it.
The final trading week of the year and the first two days of January historically see stocks rise more frequently than any other time of the year. This curious phenomenon is often referred to as the Santa Claus Rally. Yale Hirsch first coined the term in the Stock Trader’s Almanac back in 1972, so this phenomenon has been occurring for a long time — likely a majority of the modern American stock market era.
According to Carson Investment Research, from 1950 through 2022, the Santa Claus period sees a rise in the S&P 500 (SNPINDEX: ^GSPC) about 80% of the time, with an average gain of 1.32%. That may not sound like much, but it’s actually quite a hefty gain for just one week. In fact, the Santa Claus week has the third-highest historical return of any seven-day period, and it’s the week with the highest frequency of gains.
The causes of seasonal patterns in the stock market, including the Santa Claus rally, aren’t known with precision. Once established, trends may be somewhat self-fulfilling, as investors buy into known strong periods and sell into weak ones.
However, there are several possible causes of the Santa Claus rally phenomenon:
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Investors generally become optimistic ahead of a new year.
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Investors may attempt to get ahead of the January Effect, when many investors put new money to work as part of their investing plan, as January is also known as a historically good month.
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Workers may put their year-end bonuses to work.
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Investors have completed the year’s tax loss harvesting, which has a cutoff date of Dec. 31.
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Professional investors go on vacation, leaving more retail investors — who tend to be bullish — to trade.
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Investors may also rush to contribute to traditional individual retirement accounts (IRAs), which allow tax-deductible contributions up to an annual limit, to reduce the taxes owed in the new year.